它画的是什么它畫的是什麼What it draws
一头牛被放在水中间,左右各是一道流水。一頭牛被放在水中間,左右各是一道流水。An ox set in the middle of the water, with a current running down each side of it.
返回字库返回字庫Back to the glyph index
把祭牲沉到水里的祭法、沉下去把祭牲沉到水裡的祭法、沉下去a rite of sinking an offering into the water, to sink
广泛接受廣泛接受Widely accepted祭祀祭祀Ritual
一头牛被放在水中间,左右各是一道流水。一頭牛被放在水中間,左右各是一道流水。An ox set in the middle of the water, with a current running down each side of it.
商代不同时期、不同刻手的写法并不相同。下面每一种写法都依据一片具体的甲骨。商代不同時期、不同刻手的寫法並不相同。下面每一種寫法都依據一片具體的甲骨。Scribes of different periods wrote the same character differently. Each form below follows one specific inscription.
常见写法常見寫法Most common form
只刻出牛的头和颈,两旁各一道水,是宾组常见的写法。只刻出牛的頭和頸,兩旁各一道水,是賓組常見的寫法。Only the ox's head and neck, with one current at each side — the common Bin-group form.
《甲骨文合集》780 號 · 舊著錄 前1.24.3 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1297 · 第 06 形《甲骨文合集》780 號 · 舊著錄 前1.24.3 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1297 · 第 06 形《甲骨文合集》 合780 · first published as 前1.24.3 · 賓組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 1297 · form 06
牛的身子刻成一个方框,见于历组等晚期刻辞。牛的身子刻成一個方框,見於歷組等晚期刻辭。The ox's body cut as a square frame, found in later inscriptions such as the Li group.
《甲骨文合集》32161 號 · 舊著錄 後1.23.4 · 歷組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1297 · 第 09 形《甲骨文合集》32161 號 · 舊著錄 後1.23.4 · 歷組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1297 · 第 09 形《甲骨文合集》 合32161 · first published as 後1.23.4 · 歷組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 1297 · form 09
中间是“牛”——一对向上弯的角,下面一条颈;两旁是水。合起来就是把牛沉进河里献给河神,卜辞里写作“沈牛于河”。有的写法把牛身刻成一个方框,有的把牛换成羊。和“牛”比一比:只要看两旁有没有水,就知道是“牛”还是“沈”。这个祭法古书和甲骨学著作里一向写作“沈”,今天说东西沉下去则写“沉”。
中間是「牛」——一對向上彎的角,下面一條頸;兩旁是水。合起來就是把牛沉進河裡獻給河神,卜辭裡寫作「沈牛于河」。有的寫法把牛身刻成一個方框,有的把牛換成羊。和「牛」比一比:只要看兩旁有沒有水,就知道是「牛」還是「沈」。這個祭法古書和甲骨學著作裡一向寫作「沈」,今天說東西沉下去則寫「沉」。
In the middle is 牛, an ox — a pair of horns curving up over a neck; at the sides is water. Together: sinking an ox into the river as an offering, written on the bones as “sink an ox to the River”. Some forms cut the ox's body as a square, some put a sheep there instead. Compare 牛: what tells them apart is simply whether water has been added at the sides. The rite is written 沈 throughout the old texts and the oracle-bone literature, while the ordinary modern character for something sinking is 沉.
所有字形均为本项目按所引字形原创绘制的示意图,不是拓片复制品。所有字形均為本專案按所引字形原創繪製的示意圖,不是拓片複製品。Every drawing is an original schematic illustration made after the cited form. None of them is a reproduction of a rubbing. 小學堂甲骨文資料庫 · 中央研究院