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一圈一圈依次缠上去，由此表示次序（后来写作“第”）、同辈里排在后面的男子（这层意思在后世的文献里才清楚）一圈一圈依次纏上去，由此表示次序（後來寫作「第」）、同輩裡排在後面的男子（這層意思在後世的文獻裡才清楚）turn after turn in order, hence rank in a sequence — the word later written 第, a younger man of the same generation — a sense that only becomes clear in later texts
较可能的解释較可能的解釋Probable interpretation虚词虛詞Abstract
一根立着的木橛，一条绳从上往下一圈一圈缠上去：绳每绕一道就在橛上横过一次，几道横画高低错开，不乱。一根立著的木橛，一條繩從上往下一圈一圈纏上去：繩每繞一道就在橛上橫過一次，幾道橫畫高低錯開，不亂。An upright stake with a cord wound down it turn by turn: each turn crosses the stake once, and the crossings sit at their own heights, in order and not tangled.
商代不同时期、不同刻手的写法并不相同。下面每一种写法都依据一片具体的甲骨。商代不同時期、不同刻手的寫法並不相同。下面每一種寫法都依據一片具體的甲骨。Scribes of different periods wrote the same character differently. Each form below follows one specific inscription.
常见写法常見寫法Most common form
绳画成一条折来折去的线，一笔绕完，顶上还留一小截绳头。繩畫成一條折來折去的線，一筆繞完，頂上還留一小截繩頭。The cord is one line folding back and forth, wound in a single stroke, with a short end left at the top.
《甲骨文合集》9817 號 · 舊著錄 燕128 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 711 · 第 04 形《甲骨文合集》9817 號 · 舊著錄 燕128 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 711 · 第 04 形《甲骨文合集》 合9817 · first published as 燕128 · 賓組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 711 · form 04
每一道绳单独画成一个小圈，套在橛上。每一道繩單獨畫成一個小圈，套在橛上。Each turn is drawn on its own as a small loop slipped over the stake.
《甲骨文合集》21722 號 · 舊著錄 乙484 · 子組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 711 · 第 01 形《甲骨文合集》21722 號 · 舊著錄 乙484 · 子組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 711 · 第 01 形《甲骨文合集》 合21722 · first published as 乙484 · 子組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 711 · form 01
绳省成三道斜横，橛向左倾。繩省成三道斜橫，橛向左傾。The cord shrinks to three slanting bars, and the stake leans to the left.
《甲骨文合集》22135 號 · 舊著錄 乙8722 · 子組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 711 · 第 02 形《甲骨文合集》22135 號 · 舊著錄 乙8722 · 子組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 711 · 第 02 形《甲骨文合集》 合22135 · first published as 乙8722 · 子組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 711 · form 02
《说文》说“弟，韦束之次弟也”——皮绳一道一道缠在东西上，缠的次序就是“次第”。这是最常见的讲法，字形也合：一竖是被缠的橛或柄，几道斜横是绳。另一说把那一竖看成兵器的柄，绳是缠柄用的，意思一样落在“一圈一圈按次序”。两说难分，这里标为较可信。要提醒的是用法：这个字在甲骨上见得很少，目前收到的字形只有个位数，多出在子组一类卜辞里，它在商代是不是已经当“弟弟”讲，材料还不够说定。把“弟”读成亲属称谓，主要靠的是西周金文和更晚的文献；甲骨上真正常见的同辈称呼是“兄”和“子”。
《說文》說「弟，韋束之次弟也」——皮繩一道一道纏在東西上，纏的次序就是「次第」。這是最常見的講法，字形也合：一豎是被纏的橛或柄，幾道斜橫是繩。另一說把那一豎看成兵器的柄，繩是纏柄用的，意思一樣落在「一圈一圈按次序」。兩說難分，這裡標為較可信。要提醒的是用法：這個字在甲骨上見得很少，目前收到的字形只有個位數，多出在子組一類卜辭裡，它在商代是不是已經當「弟弟」講，材料還不夠說定。把「弟」讀成親屬稱謂，主要靠的是西周金文和更晚的文獻；甲骨上真正常見的同輩稱呼是「兄」和「子」。
說文 says “弟 is the order in which a leather cord is bound round a thing” — turn after turn, and the order of the turns is the word. That is the usual reading and it fits the shape: the upright is the stake or haft being bound, the slanting bars are the cord. A second reading takes the upright for the haft of a weapon, the cord being the binding of the grip; either way the sense rests on turns taken in order. The two cannot be separated, so the badge says probable. A caution about use: the graph is rare on the bones — the collected forms run to single figures, mostly in 子組 divinations — and whether the Shang already used it for a younger brother cannot be settled on that evidence. Reading 弟 as a kinship term rests mainly on Western Zhou bronzes and later texts; the words for people of one's own generation that the bones really do use often are 兄 and 子.
所有字形均为本项目按所引字形原创绘制的示意图，不是拓片复制品。所有字形均為本專案按所引字形原創繪製的示意圖，不是拓片複製品。Every drawing is an original schematic illustration made after the cited form. None of them is a reproduction of a rubbing. 小學堂甲骨文資料庫 · 中央研究院
