它画的是什么它畫的是什麼What it draws
一根竖立的长柄,上端横着一道木,柄的中段还岔出一道斜枝。一根豎立的長柄,上端橫著一道木,柄的中段還岔出一道斜枝。An upright shaft with a crosspiece near the top and one slanting branch coming off it halfway down.
返回字库返回字庫Back to the glyph index
方国,商朝四周的部族邦国、方向,四方方國,商朝四周的部族邦國、方向,四方a polity on the Shang borders, direction, the four quarters
学界有争议學界有爭議Scholarly debate王权王權Royalty
一根竖立的长柄,上端横着一道木,柄的中段还岔出一道斜枝。一根豎立的長柄,上端橫著一道木,柄的中段還岔出一道斜枝。An upright shaft with a crosspiece near the top and one slanting branch coming off it halfway down.
商代不同时期、不同刻手的写法并不相同。下面每一种写法都依据一片具体的甲骨。商代不同時期、不同刻手的寫法並不相同。下面每一種寫法都依據一片具體的甲骨。Scribes of different periods wrote the same character differently. Each form below follows one specific inscription.
常见写法常見寫法Most common form
横木两端向下折,柄笔直,是最常见的写法。橫木兩端向下折,柄筆直,是最常見的寫法。Both ends of the crosspiece turned down and the shaft straight — the commonest form.
《甲骨文合集》8411 號 · 舊著錄 乙8171 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1057 · 第 36 形《甲骨文合集》8411 號 · 舊著錄 乙8171 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1057 · 第 36 形《甲骨文合集》 合8411 · first published as 乙8171 · 賓組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 1057 · form 36
横木刻成一道平直的短横,柄向左下弯成一道弧。橫木刻成一道平直的短橫,柄向左下彎成一道弧。The crosspiece a plain straight bar, and the shaft curving away to the lower left.
《甲骨文合集》16335 號 · 舊著錄 乙6688 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1057 · 第 14 形《甲骨文合集》16335 號 · 舊著錄 乙6688 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1057 · 第 14 形《甲骨文合集》 合16335 · first published as 乙6688 · 賓組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 1057 · form 14
“方”画的是什么,学界至今没有定论,几种说法各有支持者:有人说是起土的农具“耒”,上面那道横木是用脚踩的;裘锡圭等认为是刀,上面那一横只是指出刀的锋刃;也有人说是套在人脖子上的枷。《说文》讲成“併船也”,是照小篆的样子讲的,和甲骨字形对不上。可以确定的是这个字怎么用:卜辞里“方”指商朝四周的部族邦国,土方、鬼方都是商王的对手。
「方」畫的是什麼,學界至今沒有定論,幾種說法各有支持者:有人說是起土的農具「耒」,上面那道橫木是用腳踩的;裘錫圭等認為是刀,上面那一橫只是指出刀的鋒刃;也有人說是套在人脖子上的枷。《說文》講成「併船也」,是照小篆的樣子講的,和甲骨字形對不上。可以確定的是這個字怎麼用:卜辭裡「方」指商朝四周的部族邦國,土方、鬼方都是商王的對手。
What 方 draws is still unsettled, and the accounts have roughly equal support: a digging implement (耒), whose crosspiece is the bar the foot presses; a knife, with the bar above marking nothing more than its cutting edge (裘錫圭); or a yoke put round a person's neck. The Shuowen's “two boats joined” reads the seal shape and does not fit the oracle-bone form. What is certain is how the word was used: on the bones 方 names the polities around the Shang — Tufang and Guifang were among the king's opponents.
所有字形均为本项目按所引字形原创绘制的示意图,不是拓片复制品。所有字形均為本專案按所引字形原創繪製的示意圖,不是拓片複製品。Every drawing is an original schematic illustration made after the cited form. None of them is a reproduction of a rubbing. 小學堂甲骨文資料庫 · 中央研究院