上面两根交叉摆着的小棍,下面是一间屋子的顶和两面墙。有的写法还在交叉两旁添上两只手,像有人正手把手地摆给你看。上面兩根交叉擺著的小棍,下面是一間屋子的頂和兩面牆。有的寫法還在交叉兩旁添上兩隻手,像有人正手把手地擺給你看。Two little rods laid across each other on top, and below them the roof and two walls of a house. Some forms add a hand on either side of the crossed rods, as if someone were setting them out for you.
甲骨文异体甲骨文異體Oracle-bone variants
商代不同时期、不同刻手的写法并不相同。下面每一种写法都依据一片具体的甲骨。商代不同時期、不同刻手的寫法並不相同。下面每一種寫法都依據一片具體的甲骨。Scribes of different periods wrote the same character differently. Each form below follows one specific inscription.
常见写法常見寫法Most common form
只有交叉和屋形:一个交叉在上,屋顶两笔一直垂到底。只有交叉和屋形:一個交叉在上,屋頂兩筆一直垂到底。Crossed rods and house only: one cross on top, the roof's two strokes running all the way down.
《甲骨文合集》2130 號 · 舊著錄 乙2105 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 453 · 第 14 形《甲骨文合集》2130 號 · 舊著錄 乙2105 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 453 · 第 14 形《甲骨文合集》 合2130 · first published as 乙2105 · 賓組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 453 · form 14
交叉两旁各伸来一只手,像双手在摆弄那两根小棍。交叉兩旁各伸來一隻手,像雙手在擺弄那兩根小棍。A hand reaches in from each side of the cross, as if two hands were working the rods.
《甲骨文合集》3511 號 · 舊著錄 鐵157.4 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 453 · 第 01 形《甲骨文合集》3511 號 · 舊著錄 鐵157.4 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 453 · 第 01 形《甲骨文合集》 合3511 · first published as 鐵157.4 · 賓組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 453 · form 01
上下叠着两个交叉,下面的屋形收得很小。上下疊著兩個交叉,下面的屋形收得很小。Two crosses stacked one above the other, with the house below shrunk small.
《甲骨文合集》22574 號 · 舊著錄 七W10 · 出組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 453 · 第 26 形《甲骨文合集》22574 號 · 舊著錄 七W10 · 出組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 453 · 第 26 形《甲骨文合集》 合22574 · first published as 七W10 · 出組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 453 · form 26
Most oracle forms of 學 set a crossed sign 爻 on top of a roof shape; a few add a hand on each side of it. What 爻 shows is generally taken to be counting rods or knotted cords handled in learning, though some read it as the crossed timbers of a roof. Either way, hands plus 爻 plus a house add up to learning a skill from someone indoors. 說文 lists the fuller 斆 (with 攴 added), glosses it “to come to understand”, and notes that 學 is its shortened writing.
所有字形均为本项目按所引字形原创绘制的示意图,不是拓片复制品。所有字形均為本專案按所引字形原創繪製的示意圖,不是拓片複製品。Every drawing is an original schematic illustration made after the cited form. None of them is a reproduction of a rubbing.小學堂甲骨文資料庫 · 中央研究院