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赐予、交给，后来写作“赐”、卜辞里“易日”是问天色，说法不一賜予、交給，後來寫作「賜」、卜辭裡「易日」是問天色，說法不一to grant, to hand over — later written 賜, on the bones 易日 asks about the light of the day, and is read in more than one way
学界有争议學界有爭議Scholarly debate虚词虛詞Abstract
一边是半只器：一道弧鼓出去，像倾过来的碗壁；另一边三道短画斜排着，一道比一道低。器倾了，三道东西从口上落下来。一邊是半隻器：一道弧鼓出去，像傾過來的碗壁；另一邊三道短畫斜排著，一道比一道低。器傾了，三道東西從口上落下來。On one side half a vessel: a single arc bulging out like the wall of a bowl tipped over. On the other side three short strokes on the slant, each lower than the last. The vessel leans, and three somethings come off its lip.
商代不同时期、不同刻手的写法并不相同。下面每一种写法都依据一片具体的甲骨。商代不同時期、不同刻手的寫法並不相同。下面每一種寫法都依據一片具體的甲骨。Scribes of different periods wrote the same character differently. Each form below follows one specific inscription.
器壁鼓向左，三道短画在右边，一道比一道低。器壁鼓向左，三道短畫在右邊，一道比一道低。The vessel wall bulges to the left and the three strokes fall on the right, each lower than the one above.
《甲骨文合集》13312 號 · 舊著錄 鐵85.1 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1150 · 第 06 形《甲骨文合集》13312 號 · 舊著錄 鐵85.1 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1150 · 第 06 形《甲骨文合集》 合13312 · first published as 鐵85.1 · 賓組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 1150 · form 06
常见写法常見寫法Most common form
左右换了边：器壁鼓向右，三道短画排在左边。左右換了邊：器壁鼓向右，三道短畫排在左邊。The sides change over: the vessel wall bulges right and the three strokes line up on the left.
《甲骨文合集》32118 號 · 舊著錄 粹18 · 歷組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1150 · 第 26 形《甲骨文合集》32118 號 · 舊著錄 粹18 · 歷組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1150 · 第 26 形《甲骨文合集》 合32118 · first published as 粹18 · 歷組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 1150 · form 26
器壁不作弧，刻成一个尖角的三角形，下面拖一道竖。器壁不作弧，刻成一個尖角的三角形，下面拖一道豎。The vessel wall gives up its curve and is cut as a sharp triangle, with an upright trailing below it.
《甲骨文合集》11438 號 · 舊著錄 後2.8.5 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1150 · 第 30 形《甲骨文合集》11438 號 · 舊著錄 後2.8.5 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1150 · 第 30 形《甲骨文合集》 合11438 · first published as 後2.8.5 · 賓組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 1150 · form 30
画的是什么，争得很久，三说并存。一说是倾器授受：把一只器侧过来，里面的东西倒给另一只，三道短画就是倒出来的那一股；这一说和卜辞的用法最合——“易”在甲骨里就是“赐”，王赐贝、赐人、赐田。一说依《说文》：“易，蜥易，蝘蜓，守宫也。象形”，把整个字看成一条壁虎，壁虎会变色，所以有“变易”的意思。《说文》自己还记了第三说：“《秘书》说，日月为易，象阴阳也”，把上半看作日、下半看作月。后两说都解释不了甲骨里“赐予”这一层用法，字形本身也拿不出定论，所以这里标作有争议。另有一个常见的词组要提：卜辞里常问“易日”，一般认为是问天会不会放晴、日头出不出得来，也有人读成别的意思，至今没有定论。
畫的是什麼，爭得很久，三說並存。一說是傾器授受：把一隻器側過來，裡面的東西倒給另一隻，三道短畫就是倒出來的那一股；這一說和卜辭的用法最合——「易」在甲骨裡就是「賜」，王賜貝、賜人、賜田。一說依《說文》：「易，蜥易，蝘蜓，守宮也。象形」，把整個字看成一條壁虎，壁虎會變色，所以有「變易」的意思。《說文》自己還記了第三說：「《秘書》說，日月為易，象陰陽也」，把上半看作日、下半看作月。後兩說都解釋不了甲骨裡「賜予」這一層用法，字形本身也拿不出定論，所以這裡標作有爭議。另有一個常見的詞組要提：卜辭裡常問「易日」，一般認為是問天會不會放晴、日頭出不出得來，也有人讀成別的意思，至今沒有定論。
What is drawn has been argued over for a long time, and three accounts stand. One is the tipped vessel: a vessel turned on its side and its contents poured into another, the three short strokes being what comes out. That reading sits best with the way the bones use the word, for 易 there is 賜, to grant — the king grants cowries, grants men, grants land. A second follows 說文: “易 is the lizard, the gecko, the house lizard; it is a picture”, taking the whole character for a lizard, a creature that changes colour and so gives the sense of change. 說文 itself records a third: “the 秘書 says that sun and moon make 易, a picture of yin and yang”, reading the upper half as a sun and the lower as a moon. Neither of the last two accounts explains the granting sense on the bones, and the shape settles nothing on its own, so the badge here says disputed. One common phrase is worth flagging: the divinations often ask 易日, usually understood as asking whether the sky will clear and the sun come out, though other readings have been proposed and the matter is not closed.
所有字形均为本项目按所引字形原创绘制的示意图，不是拓片复制品。所有字形均為本專案按所引字形原創繪製的示意圖，不是拓片複製品。Every drawing is an original schematic illustration made after the cited form. None of them is a reproduction of a rubbing. 小學堂甲骨文資料庫 · 中央研究院
