它画的是什么它畫的是什麼What it draws
一根旗杆穿过旗面立在地上,杆的上下飘着几条飘带。一根旗桿穿過旗面立在地上,桿的上下飄著幾條飄帶。A pole runs up through a flag panel, with streamers flying from it above and below.
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中间,当中、立在中央的旗中間,當中、立在中央的旗middle, centre, the standard planted in the middle
较可能的解释較可能的解釋Probable interpretation器物器物Objects
一根旗杆穿过旗面立在地上,杆的上下飘着几条飘带。一根旗桿穿過旗面立在地上,桿的上下飄著幾條飄帶。A pole runs up through a flag panel, with streamers flying from it above and below.
商代不同时期、不同刻手的写法并不相同。下面每一种写法都依据一片具体的甲骨。商代不同時期、不同刻手的寫法並不相同。下面每一種寫法都依據一片具體的甲骨。Scribes of different periods wrote the same character differently. Each form below follows one specific inscription.
常见写法常見寫法Most common form
旗面作长方形,杆的上下各飘出两条带子,都往同一边扬。旗面作長方形,桿的上下各飄出兩條帶子,都往同一邊揚。A rectangular panel, with two streamers above and two below, all blowing the same way.
《甲骨文合集》5575 號 · 舊著錄 前4.27.6 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 38 · 第 06 形《甲骨文合集》5575 號 · 舊著錄 前4.27.6 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 38 · 第 06 形《甲骨文合集》 合5575 · first published as 前4.27.6 · 賓組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 38 · form 06
飘带全省去,只剩一根杆穿过一个方框。飄帶全省去,只剩一根桿穿過一個方框。The streamers are left off entirely: just a pole through a squared panel.
《甲骨文合集》10405 號 · 舊著錄 菁3.1 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 38 · 第 22 形《甲骨文合集》10405 號 · 舊著錄 菁3.1 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 38 · 第 22 形《甲骨文合集》 合10405 · first published as 菁3.1 · 賓組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 38 · form 22
旗面刻成一个扁圆,杆从圆心直穿而过。旗面刻成一個扁圓,桿從圓心直穿而過。The panel is cut as a flattened oval and the pole runs straight through its centre.
《甲骨文合集》22284 號 · 舊著錄 乙8814 · 子組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 38 · 第 29 形《甲骨文合集》22284 號 · 舊著錄 乙8814 · 子組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 38 · 第 29 形《甲骨文合集》 合22284 · first published as 乙8814 · 子組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 38 · form 29
一根长杆,上下都带飘带。这根杆是什么,有两说:旧说认为是一面旗,商人集合队伍时把旗立在场地中央,大家围着它站,所以“中”有了“当中”的意思;黄德宽等则认为它是测风的标杆,标杆一定立在方向坐标的中心,“中间”的意思由此而来。裘锡圭指出旗的飘带只在上部,而“中”的飘带也出现在杆子下部,因此不把它看作旗;卜辞的“立中”,他读作设置测风的标杆。两说都在用,所以图形解释标为“较可能”。飘带常常省掉,剩下杆和中间那一块,就成了今天的“中”。《说文》另讲“中,内也。从口、丨,上下通”,把中间那一块看成一个“口”。
一根長桿,上下都帶飄帶。這根桿是甚麼,有兩說:舊說認為是一面旗,商人集合隊伍時把旗立在場地中央,大家圍著它站,所以「中」有了「當中」的意思;黃德寬等則認為它是測風的標桿,標桿一定立在方向坐標的中心,「中間」的意思由此而來。裘錫圭指出旗的飄帶只在上部,而「中」的飄帶也出現在桿子下部,因此不把它看作旗;卜辭的「立中」,他讀作設置測風的標桿。兩說都在用,所以圖形解釋標為「較可能」。飄帶常常省掉,剩下桿和中間那一塊,就成了今天的「中」。《說文》另講「中,內也。从口、丨,上下通」,把中間那一塊看成一個「口」。
A long pole with streamers above and below. What the pole is has two accounts. The older one makes it a banner: when the Shang mustered people they planted the standard in the middle of the ground and everyone gathered round it, which is how 中 came to mean “middle”. 黃德寬 and others instead read it as a pole for taking the wind, which had to stand at the centre of the compass laid out on the ground — and that is where the sense “middle” comes from. 裘錫圭 points out that a banner carries streamers only at the top, whereas 中 carries them low on the pole as well, and so does not read it as a banner; he reads 立中 in the records as setting up the wind pole. Both accounts are in use, so the picture is graded probable. The streamers are often left off, leaving just the pole and the panel — the shape 中 still has today. 說文 gives a different account: “中 is inside; from 囗 and 丨, passing through above and below”, taking the panel for a plain enclosure.
所有字形均为本项目按所引字形原创绘制的示意图,不是拓片复制品。所有字形均為本專案按所引字形原創繪製的示意圖,不是拓片複製品。Every drawing is an original schematic illustration made after the cited form. None of them is a reproduction of a rubbing. 小學堂甲骨文資料庫 · 中央研究院