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不，表示否定、把弯的东西缚直不，表示否定、把彎的東西縛直not — the negative word, to bind something crooked until it is straight
广泛接受廣泛接受Widely accepted虚词虛詞Abstract
两根长杆并排立着，一条绳从左边横过去，到右边折下来，再横回左边，再折下来，一共缠了三道。绳把两根杆箍在一起，杆就直了。兩根長桿並排立著，一條繩從左邊橫過去，到右邊折下來，再橫回左邊，再折下來，一共纏了三道。繩把兩根桿箍在一起，桿就直了。Two long shafts stand side by side, and a cord crosses them from the left, turns down at the right, runs back to the left, turns down again — three passes in all. The cord clamps the two shafts together, and the shafts come straight.
商代不同时期、不同刻手的写法并不相同。下面每一种写法都依据一片具体的甲骨。商代不同時期、不同刻手的寫法並不相同。下面每一種寫法都依據一片具體的甲骨。Scribes of different periods wrote the same character differently. Each form below follows one specific inscription.
常见写法常見寫法Most common form
两杆笔直平行，绳折成直角，缠出两个方口。兩桿筆直平行，繩折成直角，纏出兩個方口。Both shafts dead straight and parallel; the cord turns at right angles and leaves two square openings.
《甲骨文合集》6834 號 · 舊著錄 乙7795 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1500 · 第 33 形《甲骨文合集》6834 號 · 舊著錄 乙7795 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1500 · 第 33 形《甲骨文合集》 合6834 · first published as 乙7795 · 賓組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 1500 · form 33
整个字向右倾，杆和绳都斜着走，缠出来的口成了平行四边形。整個字向右傾，桿和繩都斜著走，纏出來的口成了平行四邊形。The whole character leans right, shafts and cord alike, and the openings come out as parallelograms.
《甲骨文合集》32893 號 · 舊著錄 佚190 · 歷組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1500 · 第 20 形《甲骨文合集》32893 號 · 舊著錄 佚190 · 歷組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1500 · 第 20 形《甲骨文合集》 合32893 · first published as 佚190 · 歷組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 1500 · form 20
两杆挨得近，绳不折直角，斜着来回，成了两道长长的斜线。兩桿挨得近，繩不折直角，斜著來回，成了兩道長長的斜線。The shafts stand close together and the cord gives up its right angles, running back and forth on the slant as two long diagonals.
《甲骨文合集》27925 號 · 舊著錄 摭續1 · 無名組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1500 · 第 41 形《甲骨文合集》27925 號 · 舊著錄 摭續1 · 無名組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 1500 · 第 41 形《甲骨文合集》 合27925 · first published as 摭續1 · 無名組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 1500 · form 41
画的是矫正的办法：两根杆合起来夹住，绳一道道缠紧，弯的就被逼直了。《说文》说“弗，撟也”，“撟”正是把弯的扳直，这一句和字形对得上。卜辞里“弗”不再讲缚杆，专作否定词用：“弗其受年”“弗雨”。要留心的是，卜辞里的否定词不止一个，“不”“勿”“弗”“毋”各有分工，分工到底怎么划，学者至今说法不一——有人认为“弗”后面的动词带着一个不说出来的宾语，有人认为“弗”是“不”加上代词合成的一个音；这一层是语法上的争论，和字形是什么无关。
畫的是矯正的辦法：兩根桿合起來夾住，繩一道道纏緊，彎的就被逼直了。《說文》說「弗，撟也」，「撟」正是把彎的扳直，這一句和字形對得上。卜辭裡「弗」不再講縛桿，專作否定詞用：「弗其受年」「弗雨」。要留心的是，卜辭裡的否定詞不止一個，「不」「勿」「弗」「毋」各有分工，分工到底怎麼劃，學者至今說法不一——有人認為「弗」後面的動詞帶著一個不說出來的賓語，有人認為「弗」是「不」加上代詞合成的一個音；這一層是語法上的爭論，和字形是什麼無關。
What is drawn is the remedy for a bend: put two shafts together, wind the cord tight pass after pass, and the crooked timber is forced straight. 說文 says “弗 is 撟”, and 撟 is exactly to lever something bent back into line, which fits the picture. On the bones 弗 has left the workshop behind and serves only as a negative: 弗其受年, 弗雨. Worth knowing is that the divinations use more than one negative — 不, 勿, 弗 and 毋 divide the work between them — and how that division runs is still argued: some hold that the verb after 弗 carries an object left unsaid, others that 弗 is 不 fused with a pronoun. That argument is about grammar, not about what the character draws.
所有字形均为本项目按所引字形原创绘制的示意图，不是拓片复制品。所有字形均為本專案按所引字形原創繪製的示意圖，不是拓片複製品。Every drawing is an original schematic illustration made after the cited form. None of them is a reproduction of a rubbing. 小學堂甲骨文資料庫 · 中央研究院
