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毛色杂的牛、祭牲的毛色毛色雜的牛、祭牲的毛色an ox of mixed colour, the colour a sacrificial beast is named by
较可能的解释較可能的解釋Probable interpretation动物動物Animals
一头牛，角朝上张开。牛的旁边立着一道弯笔，弯笔上挂着两三道短斜画，像有东西从刃口飞出来。这两三道短画，说的是这头牛身上的杂色。一頭牛，角朝上張開。牛的旁邊立著一道彎筆，彎筆上掛著兩三道短斜畫，像有東西從刃口飛出來。這兩三道短畫，說的是這頭牛身上的雜色。An ox with horns opening upward, and beside it a curving stroke hung with two or three short slants, as if something were flying off an edge. Those short slants are what say the ox is of mixed colour.
商代不同时期、不同刻手的写法并不相同。下面每一种写法都依据一片具体的甲骨。商代不同時期、不同刻手的寫法並不相同。下面每一種寫法都依據一片具體的甲骨。Scribes of different periods wrote the same character differently. Each form below follows one specific inscription.
常见写法常見寫法Most common form
勿写在上、牛写在下；弯笔向右鼓，两道短斜画朝左下挂着。勿寫在上、牛寫在下；彎筆向右鼓，兩道短斜畫朝左下掛著。勿 above and the ox below; the curve bellies out to the right with two short slants hanging to its lower left.
《甲骨文合集》36354 號 · 舊著錄 前6.4.5 · 黃組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 83 · 第 03 形《甲骨文合集》36354 號 · 舊著錄 前6.4.5 · 黃組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 83 · 第 03 形《甲骨文合集》 合36354 · first published as 前6.4.5 · 黃組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 83 · form 03
改成左右排：牛在左，勿挪到右边，弯笔拉得又长又直。改成左右排：牛在左，勿挪到右邊，彎筆拉得又長又直。Set side by side instead: the ox on the left and 勿 on the right, its curve drawn long and nearly straight.
《甲骨文合集》24575 號 · 舊著錄 陳68 · 出組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 83 · 第 16 形《甲骨文合集》24575 號 · 舊著錄 陳68 · 出組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 83 · 第 16 形《甲骨文合集》 合24575 · first published as 陳68 · 出組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 83 · form 16
整个字又窄又高，勿缩在顶上，牛的一竖拖得很长。整個字又窄又高，勿縮在頂上，牛的一豎拖得很長。The whole character is narrow and tall: 勿 shrinks to the top and the ox's upright runs a long way down.
《甲骨文合集》27013 號 · 舊著錄 粹316 · 無名組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 83 · 第 05 形《甲骨文合集》27013 號 · 舊著錄 粹316 · 無名組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 83 · 第 05 形《甲骨文合集》 合27013 · first published as 粹316 · 無名組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 83 · form 05
“物”由“牛”和“勿”合成，卜辞里指毛色不纯的牛，献祭时要报出牲的毛色，所以“物”和“白”“黄”一类字常常同现。分歧在“勿”画的是什么：一说是刀，短斜画是刃口溅出的血点或碎屑，所以“勿”能带出杂色的意思；另一说是一面多色的旗，短斜画是旗上的飘带。两说都讲得通，本条按前一说描述，但不能把它当定论。《说文》的讲法离甲骨更远：“物，万物也。牛为大物，天地之数，起于牵牛，故从牛，勿声”，那是“物”后来扩大为“万物”以后的解释。
「物」由「牛」和「勿」合成，卜辭裡指毛色不純的牛，獻祭時要報出牲的毛色，所以「物」和「白」「黃」一類字常常同現。分歧在「勿」畫的是什麼：一說是刀，短斜畫是刃口濺出的血點或碎屑，所以「勿」能帶出雜色的意思；另一說是一面多色的旗，短斜畫是旗上的飄帶。兩說都講得通，本條按前一說描述，但不能把它當定論。《說文》的講法離甲骨更遠：「物，萬物也。牛為大物，天地之數，起於牽牛，故从牛，勿聲」，那是「物」後來擴大為「萬物」以後的解釋。
物 joins 牛 to 勿, and on the bones it names an ox whose coat is not of one colour; since an offering was announced by the colour of the beast, 物 keeps company with words like 白 and 黃. What is disputed is what 勿 draws. One reading makes it a knife, the short slants being blood or chips thrown off the edge, which is how it comes to carry the sense of mixed colour; another makes it a many-coloured pennant, the slants being its streamers. Both readings hold together, and the description here follows the first without settling the question. 說文 is further from the bones still: “物 is the ten thousand things; the ox is the great thing … 牛 with 勿 for the sound”, an explanation written after the word had widened to mean “thing”.
所有字形均为本项目按所引字形原创绘制的示意图，不是拓片复制品。所有字形均為本專案按所引字形原創繪製的示意圖，不是拓片複製品。Every drawing is an original schematic illustration made after the cited form. None of them is a reproduction of a rubbing. 小學堂甲骨文資料庫 · 中央研究院
