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两个人并排相较，争先、卜辞中多见于人名兩個人並排相較，爭先、卜辭中多見於人名to vie, two set against each other, on the bones, most often a name
较可能的解释較可能的解釋Probable interpretation人物人物People
两个人并排站着，身量一样；每人头上是一个尖尖的顶，顶下一道横贯的臂。两个头的上面再压一道长横，把两人一起盖住。兩個人並排站著，身量一樣；每人頭上是一個尖尖的頂，頂下一道橫貫的臂。兩個頭的上面再壓一道長橫，把兩人一起蓋住。Two people stand side by side, drawn to the same size; each has a pointed crown with one bar running across below it. Over both heads lies a single long bar, roofing the pair together.
商代不同时期、不同刻手的写法并不相同。下面每一种写法都依据一片具体的甲骨。商代不同時期、不同刻手的寫法並不相同。下面每一種寫法都依據一片具體的甲骨。Scribes of different periods wrote the same character differently. Each form below follows one specific inscription.
常见写法常見寫法Most common form
两人一样大，头顶尖，臂横出；顶上一道长横横贯全字。兩人一樣大，頭頂尖，臂橫出；頂上一道長橫橫貫全字。The two match exactly, pointed at the crown with the arms barred across; one long stroke runs over the whole graph.
《甲骨文合集》31787 號 · 舊著錄 甲2433 · 何組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 282 · 第 02 形《甲骨文合集》31787 號 · 舊著錄 甲2433 · 何組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 282 · 第 02 形《甲骨文合集》 合31787 · first published as 甲2433 · 何組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 282 · form 02
刻得粗重，两人的腿向外张开，左边一人多出一条腿；长横写得倾斜。刻得粗重，兩人的腿向外張開，左邊一人多出一條腿；長橫寫得傾斜。Heavily cut, the legs of both spreading outward and the left figure carrying an extra one; the long bar runs on a slant.
《甲骨文合集》27010 號 · 舊著錄 京津4149 · 何組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 282 · 第 16 形《甲骨文合集》27010 號 · 舊著錄 京津4149 · 何組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 282 · 第 16 形《甲骨文合集》 合27010 · first published as 京津4149 · 何組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 282 · form 16
整字收窄：两人挨得很紧，头小身细，顶上的长横也短了一截。整字收窄：兩人挨得很緊，頭小身細，頂上的長橫也短了一截。The whole graph draws in: the two stand close, heads small and bodies thin, and the bar above is cut shorter.
《甲骨文合集》27531 號 · 舊著錄 京津4081 · 《甲骨文編》字號 282 · 第 11 形《甲骨文合集》27531 號 · 舊著錄 京津4081 · 《甲骨文編》字號 282 · 第 11 形《甲骨文合集》 合27531 · first published as 京津4081 · 《甲骨文編》 headword 282 · form 11
两个人并排，这一点没有争议；难处在头上那一道。一说那是“辛”，刻画用的尖刀，头上带辛的人在甲骨里多指受刑或被标记的人，两个这样的人并列，就是相比、相争；一说那只是发上的簪饰，与刑无关；《说文》说“競，彊语也……从誩，从二人”，把上部看成两个“言”，即两人争着说话。三说各有据，取哪一说，字义的味道很不一样。可以确定的是：两人形体相同、大小相等，字形靠的正是这种“并排相比”。卜辞中这个字用例不多。
兩個人並排，這一點沒有爭議；難處在頭上那一道。一說那是「辛」，刻畫用的尖刀，頭上帶辛的人在甲骨裡多指受刑或被標記的人，兩個這樣的人並列，就是相比、相爭；一說那只是髮上的簪飾，與刑無關；《說文》說「競，彊語也……从誩，从二人」，把上部看成兩個「言」，即兩人爭著說話。三說各有據，取哪一說，字義的味道很不一樣。可以確定的是：兩人形體相同、大小相等，字形靠的正是這種「並排相比」。卜辭中這個字用例不多。
That there are two figures side by side is not in dispute; the difficulty is the mark above their heads. One reading takes it for 辛, the pointed knife, since a figure with 辛 over the head on the bones usually means a person punished or marked, and two such set level make a comparison, a contest. A second takes it for no more than an ornament in the hair, with nothing penal about it. 說文 says 競，彊語也…从誩，从二人 — “forceful speech; from a doubled 言 and from two people” — reading the upper part as two mouths talking each other down. Each reading has something behind it, and the flavour of the word changes a good deal with the choice. What is fixed is that the two figures are the same shape and the same height: the graph works by setting them level. The word is not common in the divinations.
所有字形均为本项目按所引字形原创绘制的示意图，不是拓片复制品。所有字形均為本專案按所引字形原創繪製的示意圖，不是拓片複製品。Every drawing is an original schematic illustration made after the cited form. None of them is a reproduction of a rubbing. 小學堂甲骨文資料庫 · 中央研究院
