它画的是什么它畫的是什麼What it draws
下面一张嘴,画成一只深深的口;嘴里还有一道短横。嘴的上面探下来一件弯弯的东西——一把匕,也就是舀食物的勺。勺送到嘴边,尝的就是那一口味道。下面一張嘴,畫成一隻深深的口;嘴裡還有一道短橫。嘴的上面探下來一件彎彎的東西——一把匕,也就是舀食物的勺。勺送到嘴邊,嚐的就是那一口味道。A mouth below, drawn as a deep cup with one short line inside it. Reaching down from above is a bent thing — a 匕, the spoon food is lifted with. The spoon comes to the mouth, and what is tasted is that mouthful.
字形解说字形解說The character explained
字是上下两件东西:下面的“甘”(含着东西的嘴),上面的“匕”。“匕”这个形状有两种读法:一说它是勺,正把食物送进嘴里;一说它画的是一个弯腰的人,俯在嘴或器皿上面。《说文》说“旨,美也。从甘,匕聲”,把“匕”只当读音看。三说的落点是一样的:下面那张含着东西的嘴,指的就是味道。卜辞里的“旨”辞例不多,怎么讲也没有定论;“旨”后来用作“意旨”,那是另一条路上的借用,和吃没有关系。
字是上下兩件東西:下面的「甘」(含著東西的嘴),上面的「匕」。「匕」這個形狀有兩種讀法:一說它是勺,正把食物送進嘴裡;一說它畫的是一個彎腰的人,俯在嘴或器皿上面。《說文》說「旨,美也。从甘,匕聲」,把「匕」只當讀音看。三說的落點是一樣的:下面那張含著東西的嘴,指的就是味道。卜辭裡的「旨」辭例不多,怎麼講也沒有定論;「旨」後來用作「意旨」,那是另一條路上的借用,和吃沒有關係。
Two things, one over the other: 甘 below, the mouth with something held in it, and 匕 above. That 匕 shape is read two ways — as a spoon bringing food to the mouth, or as a person bent over, stooping above the mouth or the vessel. 說文 says “旨 is 美, fine; from 甘, with 匕 as the phonetic”, treating 匕 as sound only. All three land in the same place: the mouth below, holding something, is about taste. Examples on the bones are few and unsettled in their reading. The later use of 旨 for an intent or a decree is a borrowing down another road, with nothing to do with eating.