下面一张嘴,画成一只深深的口;嘴里还有一道短横。嘴的上面探下来一件弯弯的东西——一把匕,也就是舀食物的勺。勺送到嘴边,尝的就是那一口味道。下面一張嘴,畫成一隻深深的口;嘴裡還有一道短橫。嘴的上面探下來一件彎彎的東西——一把匕,也就是舀食物的勺。勺送到嘴邊,嚐的就是那一口味道。A mouth below, drawn as a deep cup with one short line inside it. Reaching down from above is a bent thing — a 匕, the spoon food is lifted with. The spoon comes to the mouth, and what is tasted is that mouthful.
甲骨文异体甲骨文異體Oracle-bone variants
商代不同时期、不同刻手的写法并不相同。下面每一种写法都依据一片具体的甲骨。商代不同時期、不同刻手的寫法並不相同。下面每一種寫法都依據一片具體的甲骨。Scribes of different periods wrote the same character differently. Each form below follows one specific inscription.
常见写法常見寫法Most common form
嘴画成两壁直立的深口,匕的柄一直伸进口里。嘴畫成兩壁直立的深口,匕的柄一直伸進口裡。The mouth is a deep cup with upright walls, and the spoon's handle reaches right down into it.
《甲骨文合集》940 號 · 舊著錄 乙1918 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 602 · 第 03 形《甲骨文合集》940 號 · 舊著錄 乙1918 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 602 · 第 03 形《甲骨文合集》 合940 · first published as 乙1918 · 賓組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 602 · form 03
嘴收成一个倒三角,中间一道横画把它分成上下两截。嘴收成一個倒三角,中間一道橫畫把它分成上下兩截。The mouth narrows to a downward triangle, split into two tiers by the line across it.
《甲骨文合集》10307 號 · 舊著錄 後2.1.4 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 602 · 第 12 形《甲骨文合集》10307 號 · 舊著錄 後2.1.4 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 602 · 第 12 形《甲骨文合集》 合10307 · first published as 後2.1.4 · 賓組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 602 · form 12
匕弯成一道S形,嘴则窄而方。匕彎成一道S形,嘴則窄而方。The spoon bends into an S, and the mouth is narrow and squared.
《甲骨文合集》67 號 · 舊著錄 續3.37.1 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 602 · 第 14 形《甲骨文合集》67 號 · 舊著錄 續3.37.1 · 賓組 · 《甲骨文編》字號 602 · 第 14 形《甲骨文合集》 合67 · first published as 續3.37.1 · 賓組 diviner group · 《甲骨文編》 headword 602 · form 14
Two things, one over the other: 甘 below, the mouth with something held in it, and 匕 above. That 匕 shape is read two ways — as a spoon bringing food to the mouth, or as a person bent over, stooping above the mouth or the vessel. 說文 says “旨 is 美, fine; from 甘, with 匕 as the phonetic”, treating 匕 as sound only. All three land in the same place: the mouth below, holding something, is about taste. Examples on the bones are few and unsettled in their reading. The later use of 旨 for an intent or a decree is a borrowing down another road, with nothing to do with eating.
所有字形均为本项目按所引字形原创绘制的示意图,不是拓片复制品。所有字形均為本專案按所引字形原創繪製的示意圖,不是拓片複製品。Every drawing is an original schematic illustration made after the cited form. None of them is a reproduction of a rubbing.小學堂甲骨文資料庫 · 中央研究院